http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-0...-in-libya.html
Bracco Asks U.S. Approval to Send Chemical War Treatment for Use in Libya
By Viola Gienger - Mar 21, 2011 9:01 PM PT
The conflict in Libya has spurred Bracco SpA to seek expedited U.S. approval to ship a treatment for chemical warfare agents to that country, where leader Muammar Qaddafi has supplies of mustard gas.
Bracco’s health-care protective products division applied for an exemption from arms-trafficking restrictions that bar sending the decontaminant to Libya, said Timothy Henry, vice president and general manager of the Princeton, New Jersey-based unit.
A global humanitarian relief organization, which Henry
declined to identify, wants to provide the Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion, or RSDL, to its aid workers in Libya as a precaution, Henry said.
Bracco’s application marks “the first time operational concerns caused a non-profit, high-profile relief agency to use their limited dollars to protect workers with RSDL,” Henry said. Milan-based Bracco is selling the organization six cases for the cost of one, he said.
Jason Greer, a spokesman for the State Department, declined to comment, citing a policy of not discussing applications that are pending or have been approved.
Governments generally restrict the export of such treatments for fear they may make it easier for a regime with chemical weapons to work with the materials, said Michael Rowell, head of the health and safety branch of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, an inter-governmental agency in the Hague, Netherlands.
‘Significant Quantity’
U.S. Admiral Mike Mullen, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, cited Libya’s “significant quantity” of mustard gas as one worry for the military coalition seeking to stop Qaddafi’s forces from attacking opponents and rebel fighters.
“There’s no indication he’s moving toward using that, but certainly that’s something we’re watching very carefully,” Mullen said on CBS’s “Face the Nation” program on March 20. “We’ve had our eyes on that for a significant period of time, literally the last two or three weeks.”
While Qaddafi for a time renounced terrorism and the use of weapons of mass destruction, he still has chemical agents he once assembled for potential use in warfare. Qaddafi’s rapprochement with western nations ended last month, when he ordered his military to put down anti-regime demonstrations.
A military coalition including the U.S., U.K. and France, supported by the Arab League, began bombarding Qaddafi’s air defenses March 19 to impose a no-fly zone over the country.
‘Frequently Invisible’
“We know Libya still has about 9.5 metric tons of sulfur mustard,” said retired U.S. Army Major General Stephen V. Reeves, a consultant for Bracco. Mustard gas in the environment is “frequently invisible, quickly penetrates clothing, and it can be six to twelve hours before exposure becomes physiologically apparent.”
If chemical warfare agents are used, “it seems highly plausible that an aid worker could simply, unintentionally walk into a contaminated area,” said Reeves, who formerly served as the Pentagon’s joint program executive officer for chemical and biological defense.
RSDL gained approval for military use from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2003 under the sponsorship of the U.S. Army Surgeon General. It won clearance from European and Australian regulators in 2009.
The lotion has the effect of neutralizing all known chemical warfare agents on the skin, according to the company.
More Practical
Because it’s portable, it’s more practical for cases where large quantities of soap and water aren’t available to douse someone who has been contaminated, Rowell said.
“It’s a proven technology,” said Rowell, whose organization implements the global Chemical Weapons Convention.
The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons is among the buyers of the lotion, according to Bracco. Other customers include most NATO militaries, the fire departments of New York and Chicago, and the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Henry said.
The company first applied on Dec. 22 to remove RSDL from the defense articles regulations, before the non-profit group’s order came in, he said. Without a response, Bracco last week filed for an exemption to ship the product to Libya under the regulation.
Reeves said RSDL works as soon as symptoms appear, neutralizing blood, blister and nerve agents, including mustard.
“The fact that it is a lotion makes it far more effective in treating later post-exposure victims” than previous methods, he said.