[WarriorDiplomat]

Growing up on the western legends being raised in Arizona, Dodge City Ks and Nebraska I searched to see if their was a thread concerning the battle of little bighorn....also being a western history buff this particular battle fascinated me

I did not know that LTC Custer had 2 of his brothers, nephew and his brother in law with him that were also killed

LTC George Custer-
Custer's promotions and ranks including his six brevet [temporary] promotions which were all for gallant and meritorious services at five different battles and one campaign:[41]
Second Lieutenant, 2nd Cavalry: June 24, 1861
First Lieutenant, 5th Cavalry: July 17, 1862
Captain Staff, Additional Aide-De-Camp: June 5, 1862
Brigadier General, U.S. Volunteers: June 29, 1863
Brevet Major, July 3, 1863 (Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania)
Captain, 5th Cavalry: May 8, 1864
Brevet Lieutenant Colonel: May 11, 1864 (Battle of Yellow Tavern - Combat at Meadow)
Brevet Colonel: September 19, 1864 (Battle of Winchester, Virginia)
Brevet Major General, U.S. Volunteers: October 19, 1864 (Battle of Winchester and Fisher's Hill, Virginia)
Brevet Brigadier General, U.S. Army, March 13, 1865 (Battle of Five Forks, Virginia)
Brevet Major General, U.S. Army: March 13, 1865 (The campaign ending in the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia)
Major General, U.S. Volunteers: April 15, 1865
Mustered out of Volunteer Service: February 1, 1866
Lieutenant Colonel, 7th Cavalry: July 28, 1866 (killed at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, June 25, 1876)

All three died with Custer

CPT Thomas Custer- 2x MOH recipient Brevet to LTC
CIV Boston Custer-
Bro in law- 1LT James Calhoun

The build up was Sitting Bull put out messages to the Sioux and Cheyenne nations to join him in Montana to live free as Indians and to stand and battle with his people to keep the White man from taking their lands....the land in question was/is the Black Hills in which Gold had been discovered and thus settlers started to move into the area though the land had been promised to the nations and would remain free according to Washington D.C. and had been assigned agents.....as settlers began to live and mine animosity started to rear its head with Natives defending their land and attacking the invading settlers and miners. The Cavalry were forced to come to the rescue and protect the illegal settlers because they were citizens.

There was information given to the Army that the Indians were leaving their assigned reservations and going North to join with Sitting Bull who had had a vision of the battle.....he told the Indians it was better to accept a good death than to live as slaves to the white man ways. Custer was given the information of the uprising and was ordered to put it down and push then natives back to their respective reservations. Custer was offered reinforcements but felt he did not need them and in some opinions wanted to claim all the glory from the battle since he had a newspaper man with him who was juicing up his exploits for a future run for POTUS.

It is key to understand that Custer had 100 battles under his belt by this time between the Civil War and the Indian Wars and had never had the Indians stand and fight when attacked hence the difficulty to getting them onto reservations the Natives were masters of ambushes and guerilla warfare not battles....

He had made several mistakes by sending two of his Commanders CPT Benteen and MAJ Reno's Battalions in two different directions to surround the Natives without having seen the layout of the camp

-He rode his troops into the ground for 3 days with little sleep

-Upon arriving Custer thought that the Indians must have seen him and his scouts and decided they needed to attack ASAP before the Indians could flee north....he was advised at the fatigue of his unit and was recommended to rest that night and attack the next day

-Custer split his 700+ man force 3 ways with single shot rifles prior to knowing what he was up against he kept 5 companies C, E, F, I, L

-He had no recon of the enemy forces and did not believe what he was told and made a deadly assumption when he finally did see the size of the forces he turned white as a ghost according to his surviving Indian scout who he had sent away when he knew he would die....

-Custer sent a runner with a message to find Benteen telling him to come quick and bring his packs of extra ammunition

-Sitting Bull lead the children and woman North out of the camp to safety before/during the battle which Custer saw and he assumed they were on the run

-Custer had sent MAJ Reno his XO to attack the encampment and he was expected to reinforce Reno which did not happen due to his deciding to follow the Sitting Bull exodus

-MAJ Reno ran into a buzzsaw of attacking warriors and lost 1/3 of his force within minutes forcing him to withdraw and set up a defensive formation...he had also made the mistake of dismounting his troops into a skirmish line in which every 4th soldier was taken out of the fight to hold the horse a safe distance away

-CPT Benteens 3 companies D, H, K came upon MAJ Reno 3 companies A, G, M who begged him to reinforce him as they were still fighting

-The 12th Company B was with CPT McDougal and got to the battles late due to the slow pack train they were escorting

-MAJ Reno's man later stated that they could hear the battle that Custer was in from their position and were struck by CPT Benteens indifference to Custers request and took his time but eventually made the attempt to reinforce him however was pushed back and ended up rejoining Reno.

-When the Warriors saw Custer going for the woman and children the Indians attacked Custer and his men leaving them in shock at which point Custer, and 1LT James Calhoun were killed....CPT Myles Keogh tried to escape and reposition in which his unit was killed all except his horse Comanche...

-The Indians that participated in the battle that killed Custer say the battle lasted ass long as it takes a hungry man to eat dinner or about a half hour

-Forensics of the battlefield shows that where Custer died was not the end his men had panicked eventually and tried to flee in a running gun fight downhill towards the creek the evidence shows that the Native retelling of the battle are the most accurate.

What is interesting is that Natives gathered every year after that battle to celebrate Sitting Bulls victory over the white man invading their land...the erection of symbols of the Native warriors has seemed to heal the division according to Park Rangers. Custer had apparently been offered the used of Gatlin guns and he declined.

Model 1873 Springfield .45-55 light carbine version required a single round loaded at a time the Indians fought with primitive weapons, smooth bore and Henry lever action to name a few. Though the Cavalry weapons had superior range and excellent knockdown power the weapons become ineffective once the Indians closed the distance and fought close battle warfare in which the lever actions were superior as far as rifles.

I love western history as I feel moving west was when America really separate itself from its European roots and became its own. There is more details to this story for later additions concerning the post battle inquiries and accounts