Thread: Out of Africa
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Old 08-22-2012, 14:25   #9
Richard
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As far as the UK's Commandos go, it seems to me as if it had more to do with the German formations than the Boers - at least in Churchill's mind.

Quote:
The Army Commandos were formed in June 1940, at a time when the British Empire no longer had a single ally in the field, and when the British Army had been compelled to quit the continent of Europe as a result of the disastrous campaigns in Norway and the Low Countries. While the germ of the idea had originated in the brain of Lieut-Colonel Dudley Clarke R.A., as early as 4th June 1940, it was Winston Churchill himself who, not content with a purely passive defensive, actually ordered their formation. In a minute of 18th June, 1940, he wrote: "What are the ideas of C,-in-C., H.F., about Storm Troops? We hae always set our faces against the idea, but the Germans certainly gained in thee last war by adopting it, and this time it has been a leading cause of their victory. There ought to be at least twenty thousand Storm Troops or 'Leopards' drawn from existing units, ready to spring at the throat of any small landings or descents. These officers and men should be armed with the latest equipment, tommy guns, grenades, etc., and should be given great facilities in motor-cycles and armoured cars." The first Commando raid took place only five days later.
http://www.commandoveterans.org/site...&id=79&Itemid=

And from Wordorigins.org:

The sense of the word commando, meaning an elite soldier, appeared during the Second World War with the raids on occupied France by elite British forces of that name. Winston Churchill wrote to General Ismay on 2 July 1940:

If it be true that a few hundred German troops have been landed on Jersey or Guernsey by troop-carriers, plans should be studied to land secretly by night on the islands and kill or capture the invaders. This is exactly one of the exploits for which the Commandos would be suited.

But the word is much older and is South African, or Afrikaans, not British, in origin. It is a borrowing from Portuguese meaning a military command and used specifically to denote a party of men conducting a military raid or expedition, especially one by European colonists in southern Africa against native Africans. From G. Carter’s 1791 Loss of Grosvenor:

“A colonist,” says he, “who lives...up the country...intreats a commando, which is a permission to go, with the help of his neighbours, to retake his property.”

Afrikaans took the word from the Portuguese using it in the phrase on commando, referring to militia service. From William J. Burchell’s 1824 Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa:

The master himself was at this time absent on the Commando, or militia-service, against the Caffres in the Zuureveld.

The word again rose to prominence in the 1899-1902 Boer War, when it was used to refer to Boer militia units fighting the British. From the Westminster Gazette, 11 November 1899:

The President...has the right of declaring war and calling up one or more commandos.

(Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edition)

http://www.wordorigins.org/index.php/more/233/

You might consider doing a bit more research on the Boy Scouts, too, while you're researching those slit trench histories you seemed to have pulled from Wikipedia.

Richard
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