[Dozer523]

1. Who provides Psyop guidance?
a. The President in conjunction with the NCS

2. How is Psyop guidance relayed to Psyop units?
a. President > DOD > JCS > Theater Commander > Psyop unit

3. Why must Psyop guidance be provided to all personnel engaged in UW?
a. To ensure their actions and conversations enhance US government credibility

4. When does Psyop play a passive role in UW?
a. When advising UW forces.

5. When does Psyop play an active role?
a. When assisting the UW force in the development of Psyop campaigns (Phase 1)

6. What is the most common UW activity supported by Psyop?
a. Subversion, sabotage, Escape and Evasion, and Guerrilla Warfare

7. Why is the main thrust of the Underground psychological?
a. Because it acts to demonstrate enemy vulnerabilities

8. What is the Psyop mission in UW?
a. To create, re-enforce or sustain attitudes in the target audience which will cause the target audience to act in a manner beneficial to itself and to US interests.

9. What are the four target audiences encountered in the UWAO?
a. The Uncommitted, Enemy Sympathizers, Enemy Forces, Resistance sympathizers

10. What is the Psyop theme directed against the Uncommitted?
a. Stresses that the Resistance and its Allies share the populations political/social goals

11. What is the Psyop theme directed against the Enemy Sympathizers?
a. To instill fear and doubt

12. What is the Psyop theme directed against the Enemy Forces?
a. Instill fear, doubt, distrust and a feeling of isolation

13. What is the Psyop theme directed against the Resistance Sympathizers?
a. An appeal for the population to actively support or at least passively cooperate with the Resistance.

14. What are the inherent factors of any appeal?
a. A rigid code of conduct by Resistance members which ensures that the people, their sensitivities, culture, customs and needs are respected

15. What are some common themes?
a. Subversion – potential members are reminded of patriotism and nationalism
b. Enemy forces – stress is on self-preservation, immorality of their own acts
c. Sabotage – Acts are just because freedom demands sacrifice; sabotage is moral because the government is illegitimate.
d. E&E support – Humanitarianism, altruism, rewards and reprisals

16. What is the role of Psyop during the eight phases of a resistance movement?
a. Psychological preparation – for the presence of US Forces
b. Initial contact – generate support for planned operations
c. Infiltration – develop good relations and rapport
d. Organization –increase size, develop and define organization
e. Built up – support expansion
f. Combat employment – exploit successes downplay failures
g. Link-up – Encourage cooperation with conventional allied forces
h. Demobilization – assist and cooperate with an orderly transition

17. What is Psychological Warfare?
a. The planned use of propaganda and other actions to influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes and behaviors of HOSTILE foreign groups in such a way as to support the achievement of US national objectives.

18. What is Psychological Operations?
a. Those political, military, economic, and ideological actions planned and conducted to create and sustain in NUETRAL and FOREIGN groups the emotions, attitudes, and behaviors to support the achievement of US national objectives.

19. What is propaganda?
a. Any information, idea or doctrine or special appeal in support of national objectives designed to influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes or behaviors of any specific group in order to benefit the sponsor either directly or indirectly. Propaganda is controlled information.

20. Operationally speaking, what is Psyops?
a. A force multiplier.

21. What are the characteristics of Psyops?
a. Psyop is a supplemental weapon; it employs propaganda and kinetic actions. It is offensive across the spectrum of warfare. It is consistent with national policy; is integrated within strategic and tactical planning.

22. What are the limitations of Psyop?
a. Political – US laws preclude use on US citizens
b. Cultural – must incorporate target culture, not violate
c. Security – Must not compromise HUMINT
d. Media – Is it available; is the product susceptible to enemy manipulation?
e. Personnel – 87% of Psyop is Reserve

23. What are the three types of Psyop?
a. Strategic, Tactical, Consolidated

24. What are the three types of propaganda?
a. White – source is correctly identified
b. Gray – source is unclear
c. Black – source is deliberately incorrectly identified

25. What is learning?
a. The process by which experience or practice is incorporated into relatively permanent changes in behavior

26. What are the three types of learning?
a. Classical, transfer a response to one stimulus to a previously neutral stimulus (Pavlov)
b. Social, combination of classical an operant conditioning, observational learning
c. Operant conditioning, desired behavior is rewarded,; undesired behavior is ignored or punished

27. What are psychological drives”
a. Status, group approval, self-esteem

28. What are physiological drives?
a. Hunger, thirst, sex, wasted removal, fatigue

29. What are three five levels of Maslow Hierarchy of Needs?
a. 1 Psychological needs, 2 personal needs, 3 social acceptance, 4 esteem, 5 self-actualization

30. What are motives?
a. Desires by individuals to attain goals.

31. What are frustrations?
a. Blockages to or the inability to achieve goals

32. What are the three motivational conflicts?
a. 1 Approach-approach 2 Avoidance-avoidance, 3 Approach-avoidance